Vector Graphics: The Backbone of Modern Design

Explore what vector graphics are, how they differ from raster images, and why SVG provides the perfect vector solution for scalable, professional-grade artwork.

Understanding Vector Graphics

Vector graphics use mathematical equations—points, lines, curves, and shapes—to render images. This approach means they’re resolution-independent; whether for a business card or billboard, a vector-based image like SVG always looks sharp.

Core Vector Formats:

• SVG (.svg): Open web standard for 2D graphics, supports scripts, animation, interactivity.

• AI (.ai): Adobe Illustrator’s native format, proprietary.

• EPS (.eps): Legacy PostScript-based vector file, widely supported.

• PDF (.pdf): Can embed vectors for print, often used for documents.

Vector vs Raster: Key Differences

Feature	Vector (SVG, AI, EPS)	Raster (PNG, JPG, BMP)
Scalability	Infinite, never pixelates	Limited, pixelates if enlarged
Editable	Easily adjusted, colors/shapes	Editing usually degrades quality
Ideal Use Cases	Logos, icons, illustrations	Photographs, detailed images
File Size	Small for simple art	Larger (high pixel count)
Web Performance	Excellent for icons/ logos	Heavy for high-res images

A practical example: a company logo designed in SVG can be scaled for a favicon, website banner, or building signage without any redraws or loss of detail.